The U.S. Supreme Court is set to rule on whether so-called ‘geofence’ warrants, which allow law enforcement to access vast amounts of personal location data from tech companies, are constitutional.

The case, Chatrie v. United States, centers around the use of these controversial warrants in Okello Chatrie’s 2019 bank robbery conviction. Critics argue that such warrants allow the government to search first and develop suspicions later, violating Fourth Amendment protections against unreasonable searches.

The surge in popularity among law enforcement over the last decade has led to thousands of geofence warrants being filed annually. However, civil liberties advocates warn of the potential for innocent people to be ensnared by these overly broad warrants, as seen in several recent cases where individuals attending legal assemblies were wrongly targeted.

During Monday’s arguments, justices seemed divided, with some questioning the constitutionality of geofence warrants and others defending their use. The decision could redefine digital privacy rights across the U.S., impacting millions of people whose location data is stored by tech giants like Google.